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World History Encyclopedia

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We provide quality resources for teachers and homeschoolers on Ancient and Medieval History, our domain of expertise. Here you will always find lesson plans for your students, together with plenty of engaging activities and supporting material. Make sure to check out our collections where we gather, on a specific theme, articles (over 50 are audio), definitions, images (sometimes 3D), videos, maps from our website to help with class preparation and to make connections. Make history relevant!

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We provide quality resources for teachers and homeschoolers on Ancient and Medieval History, our domain of expertise. Here you will always find lesson plans for your students, together with plenty of engaging activities and supporting material. Make sure to check out our collections where we gather, on a specific theme, articles (over 50 are audio), definitions, images (sometimes 3D), videos, maps from our website to help with class preparation and to make connections. Make history relevant!
Mesopotamia: Geography, Economy & Trade
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Mesopotamia: Geography, Economy & Trade

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This lesson pack on Geography, Economy and Trade in ancient Mesopotamia includes the following content: Two Lesson Plans => Mesopotamia’s Geography => Resources & Trade in Mesopotamia Additional Materials => Open Questions / Essay Questions => Quiz Questions => Recommended Resources => Vocabulary List => Answer Keys => Teacher Instructions Materials are included in Word, PDF and Excel formats. World History Encyclopedia is a non-profit organization with the mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Cover image copyright Old World / Mohawk Games, used with permission.
Mesopotamia: Government & Religion
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Mesopotamia: Government & Religion

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This lesson pack on government and religion in ancient Mesopotamia includes the following content: Three Lesson Plans => Rise of City States => Temples & Divine Kingship => Code of Hammurabi Additional Materials => Open Questions / Essay Questions => Quiz Questions => Recommended Resources => Vocabulary List => Answer Keys => Teacher Instructions Materials are included in Word, PDF and Excel formats. World History Encyclopedia is a non-profit organization with the mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Cover image copyright Old World / Mohawk Games, used with permission.
Fall of Rome - Podcast and activity
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Fall of Rome - Podcast and activity

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Here you will find a 5 minute podcast explaining in simple terms why Rome fell, a short text to fill in and a diagram to complete based on that podcast. The transcript and answer keys are all included. You also have a choice of two wrap-up activities/open questions, should you want to go further, according to your students’ level of abilities. Check out our other resources on Ancient Rome on our TES profile: Daily life Religions Warfare and battles Innovations and architecture Economy and trade Governments and Society Rome’s legacy Tools to give your students such as tips to write a great essay Tools to make your life easier, such as marking grids Let us know what you think! We are a non-profit organization and it is one of our goals to provide quality material to teachers by building engaging courses and finding reliable sources.
Ancient Roman Innovations and Architecture
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Ancient Roman Innovations and Architecture

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Two lesson plans including classroom activities, assignments, homework and keys as well as: Glossary of keywords and concepts in an excel format Open questions adaptable for debates, presentations and essays Recommended resources to provide you and your students a comprehensive list of trustworthy references on the topic (includes all media types: videos, texts, primary resources, maps, podcasts, 3D models, etc.) Tools to give your students such as tips to write a great essay Tools to make your life easier, such as marking grids All our education material is varied and built to develop middle and high-school students’ skills to succeed in social studies. You will also find several alternatives in the lesson plans to allow for differentiation and adaptation to your students’ level of ability. Check out our other resources on Ancient Rome on our TES profile and let us know what you think! you will find plenty of material on the following topics: Fall of Rome Rome’s Legacy Daily Life in Ancient Rome Government and society in Ancient Rome Warfare and battles Economy and trade Religion We are a non-profit organization and it is one of our goals to provide quality material to teachers by building engaging courses and finding reliable sources.
Ancient Rome's Legacy
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Ancient Rome's Legacy

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This pack includes a 5-minute podcast describing Rome’s major legacies and a 3-2-1 worksheet to start a constructed class room discussion. The transcript and keys are all included. A **one-page discussion sheet **has been included too. You can use it as a brainstorming session at the start of your class or as assessment at the end. You also have a choice of two wrap-up activities/open questions, should you want to go further, according to your students level of abilities. Check out our other resources on Ancient Rome on our TES profile: Daily life Religions Warfare and battles Innovations and architecture Economy and trade Governments and Society Fall of Rome Tools to give your students such as tips to write a great essay Tools to make your life easier, such as marking grids All our education material is varied and built to develop middle and high-school students’ skills to succeed in social studies. Let us know what you think! We are a non-profit organization and it is one of our goals to provide quality material to teachers by building engaging courses and finding reliable sources.
Government in Ancient Greece
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Government in Ancient Greece

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Five lesson plans including classroom activities, assignments, homework, and keys as well as: Multiple choice quiz questions in an excel format Glossary of keywords and concepts in an excel format Open questions adaptable for debates, presentations, and essays Recommended resources to provide you and your students with a comprehensive list of trustworthy references on the topic (includes all media types: videos, texts, primary resources, maps, podcasts, 3D models, etc.) Tools to give your students such as tips to write a great essay Tools to make your life easier, such as marking grids All our education material is varied and built to develop middle and high-school students’ skills to succeed in social studies. You will also find several alternatives in the lesson plans to allow for differentiation and adaptation to your students’ level of ability. This pack includes all of the following topics: The Minoans The Mycenaeans The Spartans Athenian Democracy The Polis, Tyranny, and Ostracism We are a non-profit organization and it is one of our goals to provide quality material to teachers by building engaging courses and finding reliable sources. Cover image illustration copyright by Mohawk Games, used with permission.
Arts & Culture in Ancient Greece
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Arts & Culture in Ancient Greece

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Four lesson plans including classroom activities, assignments, homework, and keys as well as: Multiple choice quiz questions in an excel format Glossary of keywords and concepts in an excel format Open questions adaptable for debates, presentations, and essays Recommended resources to provide you and your students with a comprehensive list of trustworthy references on the topic (includes all media types: videos, texts, primary resources, maps, podcasts, 3D models, etc.) Tools to give your students such as tips to write a great essay Tools to make your life easier, such as marking grids All our education material is varied and built to develop middle and high-school students’ skills to succeed in social studies. You will also find several alternatives in the lesson plans to allow for differentiation and adaptation to your students’ level of ability. This pack includes all of the following topics: Greek Drama Greek Architecture Greek Philosophy Greek Art We are a non-profit organization and it is one of our goals to provide quality material to teachers by building engaging courses and finding reliable sources.
Plagues in History
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Plagues in History

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Lesson plan, worksheets and keys, discussion leads and (optional) project: this activity has been designed to fit a 30-45-minute slot for your class. It can be used by any teacher and educator and is suitable for on-line teaching. We hope it will help your students grasp the seriousness of the current Covid-19/Coronavirus situation and better understand their civic responsibilities in response to it. We wish you all the best in these challenging times. Take care and be safe!
Daily Life & Religion in Ancient Greece
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Daily Life & Religion in Ancient Greece

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Five lesson plans including classroom activities, assignments, homework, and keys as well as: Multiple choice quiz questions in an excel format Glossary of keywords and concepts in an excel format Open questions adaptable for debates, presentations, and essays Recommended resources to provide you and your students with a comprehensive list of trustworthy references on the topic (includes all media types: videos, texts, primary resources, maps, podcasts, 3D models, etc.) Tools to give your students such as tips to write a great essay Tools to make your life easier, such as marking grids All our education material is varied and built to develop middle and high-school students’ skills to succeed in social studies. You will also find several alternatives in the lesson plans to allow for differentiation and adaptation to your students’ level of ability. This pack covers the following topics: Daily Life Greek Religion Greek Mythology and the Twelve Olympian Gods Five Defining Athenians Myth and Legend Trivia We are a non-profit organization and it is one of our goals to provide quality material to teachers by building engaging courses and finding reliable sources.
Religion in Ancient Egypt
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Religion in Ancient Egypt

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We have prepared three lesson plans including classroom activities, assignments, homework, and keys as well as: Multiple choice quiz questions in an excel format. Glossary of keywords and concepts in an excel format. Open questions adaptable for debates, presentations, and essays. Recommended resources to provide you and your students with a comprehensive list of trustworthy references on the topic (includes all media types: videos, texts, primary resources, maps, podcasts, 3D models, etc.). Tools to give your students such as tips to write a great essay. Tools to make your life easier, such as marking grids. Make sure to check out our games and quizzes on this topic too! All our education material is varied and built to develop middle and high-school students’ skills to succeed in social studies. You will also find several alternatives in the lesson plans to allow for differentiation and adaptation to your students’ level of ability. This pack includes the following topics: Balance & Harmony Egyptian Gods & Mythology Egyptian Religion & Worship We are a non-profit organization and it is one of our goals to provide quality material to teachers by building engaging courses and finding reliable sources. If you want to join our team of volunteers and help us create great teaching resources, please contact us.
Egyptian Pyramids, Hieroglyphics, and Art
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Egyptian Pyramids, Hieroglyphics, and Art

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We have prepared three lesson plans including classroom activities, assignments, homework, and keys as well as: Multiple choice quiz questions in an excel format. Glossary of keywords and concepts in an excel format. Open questions adaptable for debates, presentations, and essays. Recommended resources to provide you and your students with a comprehensive list of trustworthy references on the topic (includes all media types: videos, texts, primary resources, maps, podcasts, 3D models, etc.). Tools to give your students such as tips to write a great essay. Tools to make your life easier, such as marking grids. Make sure to check out our games and quizzes on this topic too! All our education material is varied and built to develop middle and high-school students’ skills to succeed in social studies. You will also find several alternatives in the lesson plans to allow for differentiation and adaptation to your students’ level of ability. This pack includes all of the following topics: Egyptian Pyramids & the Sphinx Egyptian Art & Symbols Egyptian Hieroglyphs & the Rosetta Stone We are a non-profit organization and it is one of our goals to provide quality material to teachers by building engaging courses and finding reliable sources. If you want to join our team of volunteers and help us create great teaching resources, please contact us.
The Hellenistic Period
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The Hellenistic Period

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One lesson plan including classroom activities, assignments, homework, and keys. Tools to give your students such as tips to write a great essay Tools to make your life easier, such as marking grids All our education material is varied and built to develop middle and high-school students’ skills to succeed in social studies. You will also find several alternatives in the lesson plans to allow for differentiation and adaptation to your students’ level of ability. This pack includes the following topic: The Hellenistic Period We are a non-profit organization and it is one of our goals to provide quality material to teachers by building engaging courses and finding reliable sources.
Halloween - Gruesome Creatures, Gods and Goddesses in Ancient Times
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Halloween - Gruesome Creatures, Gods and Goddesses in Ancient Times

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Here is a little game to introduce Halloween into your social studies class without going off-topic! Instructions and lesson plan included. Instructions • Print the PDF • Cut out each of the 8 cards • Cut out the parts of the cards that you want to be matched. For example, you could cut out the description and leave the title and picture together • Mix the cards and have the students match the illustration and its definition for each card in small groups This game will allow your students to discover some of the most fearsome creatures, gods and goddesses from ancient times!
Kingdom of Kush
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Kingdom of Kush

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We have prepared three lesson plans including classroom activities, assignments, homework, and keys as well as: Multiple choice quiz questions in an excel format. Glossary of keywords and concepts in an excel format. Open questions adaptable for debates, presentations, and essays. Recommended resources to provide you and your students with a comprehensive list of trustworthy references on the topic (includes all media types: videos, texts, primary resources, maps, podcasts, 3D models, etc.). Tools to give your students such as tips to write a great essay. Tools to make your life easier, such as marking grids. Make sure to check out our games and quizzes on this topic too! All our education material is varied and built to develop middle and high-school students’ skills to succeed in social studies. You will also find several alternatives in the lesson plans to allow for differentiation and adaptation to your students’ level of ability. This pack includes all of the following topics: Economy & Geography of Kush Pyramids of Kush Kings & Queens of Kush We are a non-profit organization and it is one of our goals to provide quality material to teachers by building engaging courses and finding reliable sources. If you want to join our team of volunteers and help us create great teaching resources, please contact us.
Ancient Egypt Bundle: 21 Lesson Plans
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Ancient Egypt Bundle: 21 Lesson Plans

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This Ancient Egypt Teaching Resource Bundle is a collection of teaching resources that you can download for free. Our teaching resources and lesson plans are adapted to students’ different levels of ability as well as teaching environments: Teachers and educators can use them in their classroom but also at home or in online classes, with small and easy adjustments. This bundle includes: 21 lesson plans Worksheets Quizzes and open questions (including answers) Key terms glossary Recommended resources Timeline Maps The following subject areas are covered, around which we have also created online Quizlets. Daily Life & Afterlife Geography, Economy & Trade Government Kingdom of Kush Ptolemaic Dynasty Religion & Mythology
Geography, Economy, and Trade in Ancient Egypt
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Geography, Economy, and Trade in Ancient Egypt

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We have prepared three lesson plans including classroom activities, assignments, homework, and keys as well as: Multiple choice quiz questions in an excel format. Glossary of keywords and concepts in an excel format. Open questions adaptable for debates, presentations, and essays. Recommended resources to provide you and your students with a comprehensive. list of trustworthy references on the topic (includes all media types: videos, texts, primary resources, maps, podcasts, 3D models, etc.). Tools to give your students such as tips to write a great essay. Tools to make your life easier, such as marking grids. Make sure to check out our games and quizzes on this topic too! All our education material is varied and built to develop middle and high-school students’ skills to succeed in social studies. You will also find several alternatives in the lesson plans to allow for differentiation and adaptation to your students’ level of ability. This pack includes all of the following topics: Gift of the Nile Barter, Beer, and Bread Nile, Red Sea, and Mediterranean Trade We are a non-profit organization and it is one of our goals to provide quality material to teachers by building engaging courses and finding reliable sources. If you want to join our team of volunteers and help us create great teaching resources, please contact us.
Government in Ancient Egypt
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Government in Ancient Egypt

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We have prepared five lesson plans including classroom activities, assignments, homework, and keys as well as: Multiple choice quiz questions in an excel format. Glossary of keywords and concepts in an excel format. Open questions adaptable for debates, presentations, and essays. Recommended resources to provide you and your students with a comprehensive. list of trustworthy references on the topic (includes all media types: videos, texts, primary resources, maps, podcasts, 3D models, etc.). Tools to give your students such as tips to write a great essay. Tools to make your life easier, such as marking grids. Make sure to check out our games and quizzes on this topic too! All our education material is varied and built to develop middle and high-school students’ skills to succeed in social studies. You will also find several alternatives in the lesson plans to allow for differentiation and adaptation to your students’ level of ability. This pack includes all of the following topics: Old Kingdom - Kings & Pyramids Middle Kingdom - The Classical Age New Kingdom - Pharaohs & Empire The Hyksos, & the Amarna Period Famous Female Pharaohs We are a non-profit organization and it is one of our goals to provide quality material to teachers by building engaging courses and finding reliable sources. If you want to join our team of volunteers and help us create great teaching resources, please contact us.
The Scientific Revolution in Europe
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The Scientific Revolution in Europe

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Before class, students will be asked to read two World History Encyclopedia articles. Introduction (10-15 minutes) Hook: Start with a thought-provoking question: “How would you determine whether something is true or not? What process would you use?” Write students’ responses on the board to highlight different approaches, such as personal experience, advice from others, intuition, or logical reasoning. Explain that before the Scientific Revolution, people often relied on methods like tradition, philosophical reasoning, or religious teachings to determine the truth. Introduce the idea that the Scientific Method emerged as a new approach to discovering truth, emphasizing that this method is based on observation, experimentation, and evidence rather than solely on abstract reasoning or accepted beliefs. Hands-On Activity (25-30 minutes) Present the following scenario to the class: “A farmer notices that some crops in his field are growing poorly while others are thriving. He wants to understand why this is happening.” Divide the class into an even number of small groups. Half of the groups will receive Handout 1: Philosophical Approach and the other half will receive Handout 2: Scientific Method Approach. Instruct each group to brainstorm solutions to the farmer’s problem based on their assigned approach. Philosophical Approach: Groups might suggest reasons based on general principles, such as the alignment of the stars, the will of the gods, or moral interpretations of natural events. Scientific Method Approach: Groups should focus on making specific observations, forming testable hypotheses, designing experiments, and collecting data. Pair each Philosophical Approach group with a Scientific Method Approach group. Have the paired groups present their ideas to each other. Encourage them to discuss and debate the differences between the philosophical reasoning and the scientific method. Class Discussion and Reflection (15-20 minutes) Reflect on the activity, highlighting the strengths and limitations of each approach and the importance of the Scientific Method in advancing knowledge and solving problems. Summarize key takeaways from the lesson, emphasizing how the Scientific Method has led to a more systematic and evidence-based approach to knowledge. Reflect on how the Scientific Method has shaped modern knowledge and technology and ask students how they might use the Scientific Method in their own lives or future careers. Homework/Extension Students will pick one scientist from the collection of 12 Great Scientists of the Scientific Revolution, read their biography, and answer questions on the worksheet (see below). If needed, further research can be done to complete the worksheet.