The twenty-second lesson in a 22 lesson course on Monuments of Islamic Architecture developed by Professors Gulru Necipoglu and David Roxburgh at the Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at Harvard University. Throughout the eighteenth, nineteenth, and early twentieth century, European powers invaded and colonized large portions of the Islamic world, reshaping both the physical boundaries of these territories and the structures of authority. What this period brought with it are two interrelated trends in terms of art historical study: Europe’s and America’s discovery of Islamic art and its impact in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in what came to be known as Orientalist art. This is also a period when the first books on Islamic art and museum collections are formed. In the arts of the Islamic world, there was an integration of European ideas and techniques. More broadly, the increase in globalization and the subversion of Islamic lands under Western hegemony led to the growth of nationalism and revivalism. Citation Necipoglu, Gulru and David Roxburgh. “The Legacies of Islamic Architecture in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries.” Lesson 22/22 presentation developed for the Aga Khan Trust for Culture Education Programme, 2019.

Research and Teaching Materials This series of presentations (narrated and unnarrated) presents a comparative picture of urban and architectural form across the vast geographical region commonly referred to as the Islamic World. Examples from both the so-called ‘high’ and ‘peripheral’ Islamic traditions are presented in the lectures, aiming at providing a thorough understanding of both the distinctiveness and diversity of outlying cultures and their established architectural practices.

The Aga Khan Academies (AKA) work to develop curriculum units that are relevant to their students in Bangladesh, India, Kenya and Mozambique. This resource has been developed as part of a collaborative project between the Academies and the Aga Khan Trust for Culture (AKTC) to develop curriculum units for use in the International Baccalaureate (IB) Primary Years, Middle Years and Diploma Programmes. This well-being unit on identity encourages students to reflect on the extent to which human experience is shaped by a range of encounters and experiences, that in turn shape identity. The unit, which may be taught as a series of linked learning experiences or as one-off lessons, encourages students to reflect on and take pride in their multiple personal identities and also celebrate some of the many common universal characteristics that connect individuals with those around us.

The Aga Khan Academies (AKA) work to develop curriculum units that are relevant to their students in Bangladesh, India, Kenya and Mozambique. This resource has been developed as part of a collaborative project between the Academies and the Aga Khan Trust for Culture (AKTC) to develop curriculum units for use in the International Baccalaureate (IB) Primary Years, Middle Years and Diploma Programmes. This IB Middle Years Programme (MYP) music unit encourages MYP4/5 students to value music traditions that have been passed down through generations. These traditions can express identity and convey moral standards that may bind communities together. The unit also encourages students to reflect on the value of preserving, developing and strengthening access to musical traditions as diverse forms of cultural expression.

The ninth lesson in a 22 lesson course on Monuments of Islamic Architecture developed by Professors Gulru Necipoglu and David Roxburgh at the Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at Harvard University. This lesson addresses the artistic and architectural developments from 1050 to 1250 will be discussed with a major focus on the mosque and hospital complex in Divriği, north central Anatolia. Citation Necipoglu, Gulru and David Roxburgh. “The Mosque and Hospital Complex of Divrigi.” Lesson 9/22 presentation developed for the Aga Khan Trust for Culture Education Programme, 2019.

The Aga Khan Academies (AKA) work to develop curriculum units that are relevant to their students in Bangladesh, India, Kenya and Mozambique. This resource has been developed as part of a collaborative project between the Academies and the Aga Khan Trust for Culture (AKTC) to develop curriculum units for use in the International Baccalaureate (IB) Primary Years, Middle Years and Diploma Programmes. This compilation of case studies draws on two sets of archives developed through the work of the Aga Khan Trust for Culture (AKTC). Eight of the case studies draw on projects that have been recipients of or shortlisted for the Aga Khan Award for Architecture featuring projects in Bangladesh, China, Denmark, India, Indonesia, Pakistan and Tunisia. Three of the case studies draw on the work of AKTC’s Historic Cities Programme in Afghanistan and Egypt. The case studies present contexts within which built (human-made) environments are used to shape open-minded and inclusive communities. They have been designed for use within Integrated humanities but could be used across the curriculum in Arts, Design, Language and literature, or Language acquisition.

These 23 case studies analyse projects that have received or been short-listed for the Aga Khan Award for Architecture. The four sets of case studies are of projects that are related respectively to education, museums and cultural centres, sustainable tourism and social recreation facilities and community development and infrastructure building projects. The case studies may be used as part of wider studies of human life, behaviour and actions, and their impacts, across time, place and space, as well as to reflect on ways in which the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development may be realised. These case studies may be used independently or in conjunction with series 1, five sets of case studies that relate to the following themes: education, housing, public urban spaces/environments, public buildings and natural and built environments. Through the case studies, learners are encouraged to connect theoretical learning to the on-the-ground realities and form a deep understanding of their own context and its interconnectedness with the rest of the world. Learners may be thus inspired and empowered, as they engage with real-world projects, to become ethical leaders who achieve positive and sustainable change that can transform our world for the better.